STONES MASONRY AND TYPES OF ROCKS
STONES MASONRY
Stone Masonry
The building stones are classified based on Geological Classification as below.
- Igneous rocks
- sedimentary rock
- metamorphic rocks
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| STONE MASONRY |
A. Igneous rocks:
The rocks which are formed by the cooling of Magma are known as igneous rock. There are three types of igneous rocks.
- plutonic rock
- hypabyssal rock
- volcanic rock
Plutonic rock - rocks are formed due to cooling of magma at a considerable depth from the earth surface, where the cooling is slow and the rocks possess coarsely grained crystalline structure. The igneous rocks commonly used in building construction are of plutonic type.
Example :Granite
It is also known as Siliceous rock. It mainly consist mineral called Felspar (Red Colour or Deep Green colour)
Hypabyssal Rock - rocks are formed due to cooling of magma at a depth formed due relatively shallow from the earth surface. The cooling is quick and hence there rocks posses finely grained crystalline structure.
Example :dolerite
Volcanic rock: rocks are formed due to cooling of magma on the earth surface. as well as above the earth surface. The cooling is very rapid and hence these rocks are extremely fine grained structure containing some quantity of glass. for more visit
Example :basalt
B. Sedimentary Rocks:
These rocks are formed by the deposition of sand carried by water, wind, rain. The sedimentary rocks are sand stone, lime stone, Gypsum, lignite, Gravel. These rocks have stratification (layers)
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| SEDIMENTARY ROCK. |
C. Metamorphic rocks:
These rocks are formed by the change in character of pre-existing rocks like igneous and sedimentary which are subjected to pressure high heat and higher pressure
Example :Marble, slate & Gneiss
CRUSHING STRENGTH OF ROCKS
A) Igneous Rock
- Basalt - 150-185MPa
- Granite - 75-125MPa
- Diorite - 90-150MPa
- Trap - 330-380MPa
B) Sedimentary Rock
- Sand stone - 65MPa
- Lime stone - 55MPa
- Laterite - 1.8-3.1MPa
- Shale - 0.2-0.6MPa
C) Metamorphic Rock
- Greiss - 200-370MPa
- Slale -75-200MPa
- Marble -70MPa
To know about Brick and its Types -click here
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