Existing building Stability check procedure and how to inspect and give report

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                       Stability check for existing Building

Scope:

In this post, we will see about what are all the points to be considered while Inspection of building in the aspect of stability check( whether the building is structurally sound for vertical expansion or not) and how to submit the report?

First Stage

• Need for the Evaluation:              
• Type of the building:              
• Ref (Source)                                            
• Approval No       

Step:1“Visual Inspection Survey”

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Detailed measurements and photographs should be taken. Since the client’s office do not have any structural design and drawing, it has been decided to take all the fresh vital field measurements and photographs. Attached the photographs (Building in all angles).

Step: 2

Geotechnical Report: 

Step:3

To obtain Structural design and drawing. The Client’s office does not have the structural design and drawing for the said building. As such we have to prepared detailed floor plans viz; Ground Floor, First Floor, Second Floor and Third Floor. Based on this, Structural Analysis was performed for the following loading conditions

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RESIDENTIAL	30' X 60'	LINK
RESIDENTIAL	700 Sq.ft	LINK
RESIDENTIAL	30' X 50'	LINK
RESIDENTIAL	40' X 80'	LINK
SCHOOL	4 CLASS ROOM	LINK
STRUCTURAL DRAWING SCHOOL	4 CLASS ROOM	LINK
STRUCTURAL DRAWING RESIDENTIAL	40' X 80'	LINK
AUTOCAD PLAN 30' X 70'	30' X 70'	LINK
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Type of Building             ------------           

Basement Height            ------------         

Floor to Floor Height      ------------   

Infill walls                        ------------   

Loading Condition          ------------     

Concrete Grade             ------------   

Steel Grade                    ------------   

Seismic Acceleration      ------------   

Wind Force                     ------------    

No of Combinations        ------------     

PRIMARY LOADS:

LOAD TYPE	LOAD CASE	LOAD DESCRIPTION
Primary Load	1	Seismic load along(+X) EQL
Primary Load	2	Seismic load along (-X)EQL
Primary Load	3	Seismic load along (+Z)EQL
Primary Load	4	Seismic load along (-Z)EQL
Primary Load	5	Wind load along (+X)WL
Primary Load	6	Wind load along(-X)WL
Primary Load	7	Wind  load along (+Z)WL
Primary Load	8	Wind  load along (-Z)WL
Primary Load	9	Dead Load (DL)
Primary Load	10	Live Load (LL)

Conditional Assessment:

 In the Absence of the Previous (original) structural design & drawing, the option of performing NDT are considered and Rebound hammer tests  and UPV tests

Existing Building Foundation checking: The Existing foundation of the building was to  be measured after doing earthwork excavation.

Result

           Based on the above result obtained we have to design the building freshly using any analysis software like staad or tabs and we have to compare those result with additional floor staad file at the critical point(worst case) and we have to give report according to that

 Sample Result report given below for your reference

Discussions, Observations and Findings

        Based on the various investigations conducted on the existing building, the following findings and observations are made.

Structural Analysis: The Structural analysis results are compared with that of the existing member sizes of the building viz columns, beam, stair, slab etc,. All are found to be OK, except the foundation part which is a vital one.

          As per the soil Report, the Safe Bearing capacity (SBC) of the Soil at this location is 7 Tones/m² at the depth of 1.75m from the Natural ground Level and recommended foundation is Strip Raft foundation for the construction of G+3 Institutional Building. But Isolated Foundation (Sloped Footing) of Dimension 1.35mx1.35mx1.2m had been incorporated in this Building. This Foundation does not meet the requirements and is not adequate to carry the designed load of the existing G+3 building. From the Design, Analysis carried out as per the Codal Provisions, for the existing foundation of this G+3 Structure results in failure of the Foundations at various locations. A Tabular column is drawn to indicate the critical column re-action and the provided footing vs the required footing size. The maximum Reaction at the foundation is 3135 KN and the minimum reaction is 335 kn. Hence it is not recommended to extend the Construction work.

Proposed Construction for the 4th Floor of this Building is HIGHLY NOT RECOMMENDED for this type of foundation.

Critical Nodes for the Existing G+3 Building

Column Grid	Reaction (kN)	Required footing size for SBC of 7 tonnes/m2 (m)	Provided Footing Size (m)	% of Reduction in footing size
G15	1250	4.6 X 4.6	1.85 X 1.85	60%
G26	1240	4.2 X 4.2	1.85 X 1.85	56%
R28	1350	4.4 X 4.4	1.85 X 1.85	58%
W22	1486	4.6 X 4.6	1.85 X 1.85	60%
Y17	1140	3.7 X 3.7	1.85 X 1.85	50%

PROPOSED CASE

Critical Nodes for the proposed Construction of 4^th the floor of the existing G+3 Building

Column Grid	Reaction (kN)	Required footing size for SBC of 7 tonnes/m2 (m)
G15	1470	4.6 X 4.6
G26	1430	4.5 X 4.5
R28	1650	4.9 X 4.9
W22	1690	4.93 X 4.93
Y17	1140	4.0 X 4.0

NDT Results: The NDT results show that the concrete done in the columns at the terrace i.e Fourth floor is good and the average compressive strength found out was 26.50Mpa.Also, the concrete is good in quality as per the UPV results.

Conclusions:

          Since the existing foundation provided is fairly inadequate to take care of the present load and it may fail if any additional load is given like vertical expansion. It is not recommended to proceed with the construction of the 4^th Floor.

Necessary drainage arrangements may be made at the terrace, by providing adequate slopes with proper gradient and the rainwater piping system should be brought down to the ground floor.

          The present unfinished columns may be dismantled safety and all the reinforcements may be curtailed at floor level and adequate protective the concreting cap shall be provided.

          All the unplastered areas shall be plastered with CM 1:3 (one cement and three sand) mixed with good quality waterproofing admixtures.

           Pucca plinth protection is to be given to all around the building to prevent the seepage/penetration of  rainwater into the foundation system which will further weaken the system.

          Since it is an Institutional building it is advised to goin for additional Retrofitting measures on all the floorings to increase the structural stability or otherwise reduction in no of floors may be considered.

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