Superelevation of highway | Maximum Superelevation | Design of Superelevation (as per IRC guidelines)

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Superelevation of highway | Maximum Superelevation | Design of Superelevation (as per IRC guidelines)

                            

Superelevation  of highway | Maximum Superelevation | Design of Superelevation (as per IRC guidelines)   

INTRODUCTION :

Superelevation (e)

 When a vehicle travels in a circular path or curved path, it is subjected to an outward force which makes a vehicle to overturn and skid due to Centrifugal force. To overcome this force and for safe travel of a vehicle, the outer edge of the road is raised above the inner edge. This is known as superelevation or banking of road.


Superelevation (e)


v2

e + ft =       gR                                                                

                e     =    Rate of superelevation

ft       =    Design value of transverse or lateral friction coefficient (0.15 as per IRC guidelines)

v     =    Design speed vehicle (m/s)

R     =    Radius of the horizontal curve (m)

g     =    Acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s2

 

Maximum Superelevation

 

In order to account for mixed traffic conditions in India, IRC has defined the maximum limit of superelevation (enas ) as given in Table 1.11

 Recommended maximum limit of superelevation

7 %

-     Plain and rolling terrains and in snow bound areas

10 %

-     Hill roads not bound by snow

4 %

-     Urban road stretches with frequent intersections


Minimum Superelevation

 

From drainage considerations it is necessary to have a minimum cross slope to drain off the surface water. If the design superelevation works out to be less than the camber of the road surface, then the minimum superelevation to be provided on horizontal curve may be limited to the camber of the surface. Thus, after elimination of the crown a uniform cross slope equal to the camber is maintained from outer to inner edge of pavement at the circular curve.

In very flat curves with large radius, the normal cambered section may be retained on the curves. However, in such cases, a check is performed for negative superelevation against allowable lateral friction coefficient.

The IRC recommendation giving the radii of horizontal curves beyond which normal cambered section may be maintained and no superelevation is required at horizontal curves, are presented in Table 1.12, for various design speeds and rates of cross slope.

Recommended radii beyond which superelevation is not required

Design Speed (km/h)

Radius (m) of horizontal curve for camber of

4%

3%

2.5%

2%

1.7%

20

50

60

70

90

100

25

70

90

110

140

150

30

100

130

160

200

240

35

140

180

220

270

320

40

180

240

280

350

420

50

280

370

450

550

650

60

470

620

750

950

1100

80

700

950

1100

1400

1700

100

1100

1500

1800

2200

1600

 

 

Design of Superelevation (as per IRC guidelines)

 

Design of Superelevation (as per IRC guidelines)

·        The superelevation is calculated for 75% of design speed neglecting the friction

 

(0.75v)2

e =       gR                                                         

·        If the calculated value of ‘e’ is less than the specified maximum limit of superelevation

(enas ) the value so obtained is considered as design value of superelevation.

 

·        If the calculated value of ‘e’ exceeds enas then enas is considered as design value of superelevation and developed lateral friction coefficient is verified at the full value of design speed.

v2

ft = gR  enas                                                                  

·        If ft calculated is less than 0.15, then enas is accepted as the design superelevation.

 

·        If not, either the radius of the horizontal curve has to be increased or the speed has to be restricted to the safe value va given in equation 1.6 which will be less than the design speed.


va = Æ’(enas  + ft)gR                                                            

 

·        Appropriate warning sign and speed limit regulation sign are installed to restrict and regulate the speed to va at such curves.

 


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CIVIL WEBSITE: Superelevation of highway | Maximum Superelevation | Design of Superelevation (as per IRC guidelines)
Superelevation of highway | Maximum Superelevation | Design of Superelevation (as per IRC guidelines)
Superelevation of highway | Maximum Superelevation | Design of Superelevation (as per IRC guidelines)
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