What are the Structural Components of the Buildings?| building components|

Element Of Structural | Types Of Structural Elements|building components |structural components of a building |component parts of building |basic comp

What are the Structural Components of the Buildings? |Types of Structural members

Structural members

Major buildings have similar components such as foundation, plinth, walls, floors, doors, windows & roof. 

These building components are classified into 2 Types

(i) Non-structural Components

(ii) Structural Components

(i) Non-structural Components

Non-structural components are non-load carrying member which doesn't affect the building, when it is removed 

Example

parapet walls, door and windows, furnishings fixtures, partitions or partition walls, tiles, paint etc.

(iI) Structural Components

Structural components are load-carrying members which affect the building when it is removed 

Example

Beam, Slab, Column, footing

Types Of structural members:

1. slab
2. beam
3. column
4. wall
5. foundation

1.Slab:

A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings, consisting of a flat, horizontal surface made of cast concrete. Steel-reinforced slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving.

 A slab is a structural component that is used to create flat horizontal surfaces such as floors, roof decks & ceilings. A slab is usually several inches thick and supported by beams, columns, walls, or the ground. It is a horizontal structural component, with top and bottom surfaces parallel and near. Depth of slab is small as compared to its length & breadth.

2. Beam:   

A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally to the beam's axis. beam, mode of deflection is primarily by bending. The loads applied to the beam result in reaction forces at the support of the beam.


A beam is a horizontal structural member spanning a distance between one or more supports, & carrying vertical loads across (transverse to) its longitudinal axis that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting bending. A beam is a Transversely loaded member, whose cross-sectional dimensions are small as compared to its length.  Beams are structural components on which the slabs rest. The beams transfer the load of the slab to the columns and from the column, it transferred to the foundation

3. Column:

A column or pillar in architecture & structural engineering is a structural member that transmits, loads through compression.

A column may be defined as a vertical load-bearing member the width of which is neither less than its thickness nor more than 4 times its thickness. Column are subdivided into majorly two types

• A. SHORT COLUMN
• B. LONG COLUMN

4. wall :

Walls can be broadly divided in 2 categories:

• (i) Load-bearing walls and
• (ii) Non-load bearing walls.

A load-bearing wall supports its own weight, as well as the superimposed loads, transfer it through floors or roof

A non-load-bearing wall on the other hand carries its own weight & is not designed to carry a super-imposed load from the structure. They are normally provided as partition walls.

5. Foundation:

Foundation Is The bottom & important Part Of The Building Or The Civil Structure That Is In Direct Contact With The Soil Which Transfers Loads From The SuperStructure To The Soil Safely. Generally, The Foundation Can Be Classified Into 2 types,

•   1. Shallow Foundation 
•   2. Deep Foundation.

The foundation is the most critical structural component of any structure & many failures are due to foundations. A good foundation must remain in position without sliding, bending, overturning or failing in any other way. To achieve this, the designer must make sure that the superstructure, foundation & soil act together.

Importance of Foundation

• To secure hard strata.
• To increase the stability of structure against overturning.
• To reduce the risk of failure due to settlement of soil

FOR DAILY CIVIL ENGINEERING JOBS UPDATE VISIT

Join Our Whatsapp Group

QUIZ PRACTICE

RCC

RCC-1 -Click here

RCC-2- Click here

𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘

SOM/MOS

SOM-1 -Click here

𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘

SOIL

SOIL-1 -Click here

𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘

FLUID MECHANICS

FM-1 -Click here

𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘

BUILDING MATERIALS

BM-1 -Click here

𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘

SURVEY

S-1 -Click here

𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘𐩘